Original Sin And Salvation:
The Islamic View

Most Merciful and Gracious God - 101 names of God

Islam does not recognize the concepts of: original sin, women's responsibility for the fall from Grace, or the need for a savior to redeem mankind . The Qur'an indicates that humans are created in the spiritual form first and was then lowered in to the material world.[Qur'an 95:4] God made man out of the clay of the earth and ordered the angels, who are created from light, to bow down to Adam. Satan who was an angel refused to worship Man and vowed to stand in the straight path to God [Qur'an 7:16] and to defeat God's purposes. Satan vowed to approach man from the front, back, right, and left [Qur'an 7:17].

Then God told Adam: " Adam dwell with your wife in the Garden and enjoy as you wish but approach not this tree or you run into harm and transgression.Then Satan whispered to them in order to reveal to them their shame that was hidden from them and he said: 'Your Lord only forbade you this tree lest you become like angels or such heavenly beings who live forever.' He swore to them both that he was their sincere adviser. So by deceit he brought them to their fall. When they tasted the tree their shame became manifest to them and they began to sew together the leaves of the Garden and made clothes to cover their bodies. And the Lord called unto them and said to them: 'Did I not forbid you that tree and tell you that Satan was your avowed enemy?'"(Quran 7:19-22).

When Adam and Eve realized that they have disobeyed God by eating the fruit They said:
'Our Lord we have wronged ourselves. If You forgive us not and bestow not upon us Your Mercy, we shall certainly be the losers' (Quran 7:23)

And God told Adam, 'Get down (from the Garden), each one of you will be an enemy to the other [i.e. Adam, Eve, and Satan]. On earth will be a dwelling-place for you and an enjoyment -- for a short time'. 
'Therein you shall live, and therein you shall die, and from it you shall be brought out [i.e. resurrected].' 
God then lowered them to the earth to earn their living and experience conflict , life, and death [Qur'an 7:24,25]. Adam and Eve were ordered to leave the Garden which they where in and descend to earth where they and their children will live and die, and where Satan will also be. They were not returned to heaven because they were originally created to be God's trustees on earth [Qur'an 2:30].

Adam did fall. But when they repentedand Quran gives details of the intense penance they did. Hence  God forgave them and reinstated them to their place as trustees on the earth. God does not transfer the sins of the fathers to their sons. Islam consider it fair that no person be held accountable or responsible for someone else's mistake. That if blame is due, then it is due on who deserves it. That if punishment is to be made, it ought to be on the one who wronged. 
The Quran states: "That no burdened person (with sins) shall bear the burden (sins) of another. And that man can have nothing but what he does (of good and bad). And that his deeds will be seen, Then he will be recompensed with a full and the best recompense [fair]" (Quran 53:38-41) The Quranic message is: whatever it is that you do, you are alone will be held responsible for, not your brother, not your father, not your children. This is only fair, and God is Fair. Adam sinned, we agree. But why do his children have to bear something they took no part in? Why is a sacrifice needed to please a Most Merciful God? A Muslim will answer there is no need for any of that. We are not the product of Original Sin and do not need an intermediary in the form of a savior, prophet, saint, or clergy to reach God [Qur'an 2:255]. Nobody is responsible for someone else's sin [Qur'an 31:33]. We are not sinners or angels by nature and we are capable of redeeming ourselves by making amends for our mistakes.

As regards to sins, Islam is very lenient because they know that no one can live without sinning. The Islamic advise is to avoid big sins. God will overlook your small sins. Koran, Sura 4:30-31, "Whoso doeth that (evil deeds) through aggression and injustice, We shall cast him into Fire, and that is ever easy for Allah. If ye avoid the great (things) which ye are forbidden, We will remit from you your evil deeds and make you enter at a noble gate. "

These great sins are listed in the Hadith. An example is:Al Hadis, Book 1, Chap. 6, No. 140- "Abu Raihanah reported that the Messenger of Allah forbade ten things: Sharpening teeth, anointing palms, plucking out hairs, a man lying with another man without under-garments, a woman lying with another woman without under-garments, a man putting on silk underneath his dress like foreigners, or his putting on silk upon his two shoulders like foreigners, plunder, riding on leopards, and using a seal excepting for one who is a ruler." Attested by Abu Daud, Nisai.